然而,考古学家在开发公共考古项目时也必须面对一系列道德考虑因素。这种道德考虑因素包括最大限度地减少抢劫和破坏行为,阻止古物国际贸易以及与研究人员有关的隐私问题。国际贸易:禁止从考古遗址掠夺的文物的国际贸易的法律不一致也不一贯遵守。英国的考古学)是向公众展示考古数据和解释这些数据的做法。它旨在通过书籍,小册子,博物馆展览,讲座,电视节目,互联网网站以及对游客开放的发掘,吸引公众的兴趣,传递考古学家所学到的知识。通常,公共考古学明确规定了鼓励保护考古遗址的目标,并且不太常见的是,政府继续支持与建筑项目相关的挖掘和保护研究。这些公共资助的项目是遗产管理(HM)或文化资源管理(CRM)的一部分。许多公共考古学都是由博物馆,历史学会和专业考古学协会进行的。越来越多的美国和欧洲的CRM研究需要一个公共考古学部分,认为社区支付的结果应该归还给该社区。展示从考古遗址中回收的珍贵物品的图片可以说使这些物品更有价值,因此可以无意中鼓励古物贸易,这可能导致额外的抢劫。掠夺:使公众知道的考古遗址的位置,或者从已知遗址中获取有关从神器组合中恢复的文物集合的信息,可能会使抢劫者感到有吸引力,那些想要抢劫遗骸的人仍可能被埋葬在那里。考古研究的许多方面都难以让公众接受,例如文化差异和现代人过去的文化行为。报告过去使特定文化群体看起来不太理想的信息(例如,奴隶制或同类相食的证据),或将一个群体提升到另一群体,可能导致对废墟的有针对性的破坏。隐私问题:一些文化团体,特别是少数民族和代表性不足的人,对他们过去被用于他们可能认为基本上是欧美过去时期的事物感到敏感。提供显示关于特定群体的世俗或宗教信息的考古数据可能会冒犯这些群体,特别是如果该群体的成员不是该研究的参与者。如果答案不是,问题就很简单了。考古研究倾向于揭示过去的一小部分真相,其中包括挖掘机的一系列先入之见,以及考古记录中腐朽和破碎的部分。然而,这些数据经常揭示人们不想听到的关于过去的事情。因此,公共考古学家在庆祝过去和鼓励其保护之间走了一条界线,揭示了一些关于人类是什么样的不愉快的事实,并支持各地人民和文化的道德和公平待遇。简而言之,公共考古学并不适用于娘娘腔。我要衷心感谢所有继续帮助我将他们的学术研究带给大众的学者,牺牲时间和精力确保我对他们的研究提出深思熟虑和准确的描述。如果没有他们的意见,About.com网站上的考古学将会更加贫穷。

新加坡管理大学公共关系Assignment代写:公共考古学

However, archaeologists must also face a range of ethical considerations when developing public archaeology projects. Such ethical considerations include the minimizing of looting and vandalism, the discouragement of international trade in antiquities, and privacy issues associated with studied peoples. International Trade: Laws prohibiting international trade in artifacts looted from archaeological sites are not consistent nor consistently followed. Archaeology in the UK) is the practice of presenting archaeological data and interpretations of that data to the public. It seeks to engage the interest of members of the public, passing along what archaeologists have learned, by way of books, pamphlets, museum displays, lectures, television programs, Internet websites, and excavations which are open to visitors. Often, public archaeology has an expressly stated goal to encourage the preservation of archaeological ruins, and, less commonly, continued government support of excavation and preservation studies associated with construction projects. Such publicly funded projects are part of what is known as Heritage Management (HM) or Cultural Resource Management (CRM). Much of public archaeology is conducted by museums, historical societies, and professional archaeology associations. Increasingly, CRM studies in the United States and Europe have required a public archaeology component, arguing that the results paid for by a community should be returned to that community. Showing pictures of precious objects recovered from archaeological sites arguably makes those objects more worth having, and thus can unwittingly encourage trade in antiquities, which can lead to additional looting. Looting: Making the location of an archaeological site known to the public, or imparting information concerning the artifact assemblage recovered from a known site may make it attractive to looters, people who want to rob the site of artifacts which may still be buried there Vandalism: Many aspects of archaeological research are difficult for the general public to accept, such as aspects of the differences between cultures and past cultural behaviors of modern people. Reporting information about the past that makes a particular cultural group look less than ideal (e.g., evidence of slavery or cannibalism), or elevate one group over another can result in​ targeted vandalism of the ruins. Privacy Issues: Some cultural groups, particularly minorities and under-represented peoples, feel sensitive about their past being used for what they may view as essentially a Euro-American past-time. Presenting archaeological data that reveals secular or religious information about a particular group may be offensive to such groups, particularly if members of the group are not participants in the research. The problem is straightforward if the answer is not. Archaeological research tends to reveal one sliver of truth about the past, colored by a range of preconceptions on the part of the excavator, and the decayed and broken pieces of the archaeological record. However, that data often reveals things about the past that people don’t want to hear. So, the public archaeologist walks the line between celebrating the past and encouraging its protection, revealing some unpleasant truths about what being a human being is like and supporting the ethical and fair treatment of people and cultures everywhere. Public Archaeology is not, in short, for sissies. I want to sincerely thank all of the scholars who continue to help me bring their academic research to the general public, sacrificing time and effort to assure that I present considered, thoughtful and accurate descriptions of their research. Without their input, the Archaeology at About.com site would be much poorer.

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