货币的时间价值在未来是不同的，因为从今天的角度来看，通货膨胀会导致明天的现金流量不像今天的现金流量那么多;基本上这意味着今天你的美元将来无法像现在这样购买。另一方面，存在不确定性风险因素，因为所有预测模型对其预测都具有一定程度的不确定性。即使是最优秀的金融分析师也无法完全预测公司未来的不可预见事件，例如市场崩溃导致的现金流减少。由于这种不确定性与目前现金价值的确定性有关，我们必须对未来现金流进行贴现，以便适当考虑企业在等待接收现金流量时所承担的风险。在美国，美联储控制贴现率，这是美联储向商业银行收取贷款的利率。美联储的贴现率分为三个折扣窗口计划：主要信贷，二级信贷和季节信贷，每个都有自己的利率。主要信贷计划保留给储备金排名靠前的商业银行，因为这些贷款通常只在很短的时间内（通常是隔夜）提供。对于不符合该计划资格的机构，二级信贷计划可用于资助短期需求或解决财务困难;对于全年财务需求不同的人，例如夏季度假附近的银行或每年只收获两次的大型农场，也可提供季节性信贷计划。
英国雷丁大学经济论文代写：现金流量
The time value of money is different in the future, because from today’s point of view, inflation will cause tomorrow’s cash flow not to be as much as today’s cash flow; basically this means that today your dollar cannot be purchased in the future. . On the other hand, there are uncertain risk factors because all forecasting models have a certain degree of uncertainty in their predictions. Even the best financial analysts cannot fully predict the company’s unforeseen events in the future, such as a reduction in cash flow caused by a market crash. Since this uncertainty is related to the certainty of current cash value, we must discount future cash flows to take due account of the risks that companies are taking while waiting to receive cash flows. In the US, the Fed controls the discount rate, which is the rate at which the Fed collects loans from commercial banks. The Fed’s discount rate is divided into three discount window plans: major credit, secondary credit and seasonal credit, each with its own interest rate. Major credit plans are reserved for commercial banks with top reserves, as these loans are usually only offered in a short period of time (usually overnight). For institutions that do not qualify for the program, the secondary credit program can be used to finance short-term needs or to resolve financial difficulties; for people with different financial needs throughout the year, such as banks near summer vacations or large farms that only harvest twice a year, Provide a seasonal credit plan.