对这两个人的变化进行的持续研究揭示了太空飞行的一些重大影响。在他进入轨道的过程中，由于他的骨架上的引力较弱，斯科特身高增加了两英寸。返回地球后，他的骨骼结构恢复到与任务前相同的程度。在遗传上，男性保持不变，但科学家们注意到他的身体基因表达发生了一些变化。这与他的实际基因变化不同，但更多地与他们如何准备身体以应对环境变化有关。此外，斯科特参与了研究，以帮助医生了解为什么宇航员的视力会随着时间的推移在太空中发生剧烈变化。与许多其他宇航员一样，他注意到心理观点的明显变化，以及长期停留在太空中如何影响人际关系。凯利指出，该任务的一个独特方面是，该站的时间流量与他在地球上的兄弟的流量略有不同。这使他比马克略微年轻，医学科学家仍在评估他的旅行对他身体的影响。他写道，他作为科学实验室老鼠的角色永远不会结束。 “我将继续成为我余生的考试对象，”他写道。 “随着马克和我的成长，我将继续参加双胞胎研究……对我来说，为推动人类知识做出贡献是值得的，即使这只是迈向更长距离旅程的一步。”
英国斯旺西大学生物工程代写：骨骼结构恢复
Continued research on the changes in these two individuals reveals some of the major effects of space flight. As he entered the orbit, Scott’s height increased by two inches due to the weaker attraction on his skeleton. After returning to Earth, his bone structure returned to the same level as before the mission. In genetic terms, men remain the same, but scientists have noticed some changes in his body’s gene expression. This is different from his actual genetic changes, but more about how they prepare their bodies to cope with environmental changes. In addition, Scott participated in research to help doctors understand why astronauts’ vision changes dramatically in space over time. Like many other astronauts, he noticed significant changes in psychological views and how long-term stay in space affects relationships. Kelly pointed out that a unique aspect of the mission is that the station’s time flow is slightly different from the flow of his brother on Earth. This made him slightly younger than Mark, and medical scientists are still assessing the impact of his travels on his body. He wrote that his role as a science laboratory mouse will never end. “I will continue to be the subject of the rest of my life,” he wrote. “With Mark and my growth, I will continue to participate in twin studies… It is worthwhile for me to contribute to the advancement of human knowledge, even if it is only a step towards a longer journey.”